Chemistry Class 12th Formula Sheet Of All Chapters
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Chemistry Class 12th All Chapters Formula Sheet: Your Ultimate Guide
Introduction:
Chemistry can be an intricate subject for many students, especially when it comes to memorizing formulas. With numerous equations, reactions, and concepts to grasp, it's no wonder that students often seek handy resources to simplify their study process. In this article, we present you with the ultimate Chemistry Class 12th formula sheet, encompassing all the essential formulas from every chapter. Whether you're preparing for exams or revising the subject, this comprehensive formula sheet will serve as an invaluable tool to aid your understanding and ensure you excel in your Chemistry studies.
Chapter 1: Solid State
1. Density (ρ) = Mass (m) / Volume (V)
2. Packing Efficiency (PE) = (Volume of atoms or ions in unit cell / Total volume of unit cell) × 100%
3. Coordination Number (CN) = Number of nearest neighboring atoms or ions
4. Law of Definite Proportions: Elements combine in definite proportions to form compounds.
Chapter 2: Solutions
1. Molarity (M) = (Number of moles of solute / Volume of solution in liters)
2. Molality (m) = (Number of moles of solute / Mass of solvent in kg)
3. Mole Fraction (χ) = (Number of moles of a component / Total number of moles of all components)
4. Raoult's Law: P(A) = (χ(A) × P°(A)), where P(A) is the vapor pressure of component A, χ(A) is the mole fraction of component A, and P°(A) is the vapor pressure of pure component A.
Chapter 3: Electrochemistry
1. Faraday's Law of Electrolysis: The amount of chemical reaction that occurs during electrolysis is directly proportional to the amount of electricity passed through the electrolyte.
2. Nernst Equation: E = E° - (0.0592/n) × log Q, where E is the cell potential, E° is the standard cell potential, n is the number of electrons transferred, and Q is the reaction quotient.
3. Equivalent Weight (EW) = (Molar mass / n), where n is the number of electrons involved in the reaction.
Chapter 4: Chemical Kinetics
1. Rate of Reaction (r) = Δ[A]/Δt = -Δ[B]/Δt = Δ[C]/Δt = -Δ[D]/Δt, where [A], [B], [C], and [D] are the concentrations of reactants and products, and t is time.
2. Rate Law: r = k[A]^m[B]^n, where k is the rate constant, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of reactants, and m and n are the reaction orders.
3. Arrhenius Equation: k = A × e^(-Ea/RT), where k is the rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor, Ea is the activation energy, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature.
Chapter 5: Surface Chemistry
1. Adsorption: The process of accumulation of molecules or ions on the surface of a solid or liquid.
2. Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm: θ / (1 - θ) = K × P, where θ is the fraction of surface covered, K is the equilibrium constant, and P is the pressure of the gas.
Chapter 6: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
1. Ellingham Diagram: Graphical representation of the stability of oxides with respect to temperature.
2. Fro
th Floatation: A method used for the concentration of sulphide ores.
Chapter 7: The p-Block Elements
1. Electronic Configuration of Group 13 Elements: ns²np¹.
2. Group 17 Elements: Halogens.
3. Oxidation State of Group 18 Elements: Zero.
Chapter 8: The d- and f-Block Elements
1. Lanthanoids: Elements in which 4f orbitals are progressively filled.
2. Actinoids: Elements in which 5f orbitals are progressively filled.
3. Coordination Complex: A central metal ion surrounded by ligands.
Chapter 9: Coordination Compounds
1. Oxidation Number: The charge an atom would possess if the compound was purely ionic.
2. Coordination Number: The number of donor atoms coordinated to the central metal ion.
Conclusion:
This comprehensive formula sheet serves as your go-to guide for Chemistry Class 12th. By having all the essential formulas from each chapter at your fingertips, you can streamline your study process and reinforce your understanding of the subject. Whether you're revising for exams, working on assignments, or simply looking to enhance your knowledge, this formula sheet will undoubtedly prove invaluable. Remember, practice is key to mastering Chemistry, so utilize these formulas to solve a wide range of problems and deepen your grasp of the subject. With dedication and the aid of this formula sheet, you'll be well-equipped to excel in your Chemistry studies.
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